Movie Analysis Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs

In most of his movies, Walt Disney (1901-1966) portrayed death as an inevitable element in the life of a family—an element that repeatedly created a routine of young motherless and fatherless characters. Take, as examples, the movie Bambi ( 1942) in which a deer hunter killed Bambi’s mother, the movie Cinderella (1950) in which Cinderella’s mother dies at the beginning of the movie, the movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) in which Snow White’s mother dies, once again, at the beginning of the movie. In Disney movies, most protagonists have no parents; they have absent parents, adoptive parents, or one parent who dies in the movie. In other words, death, in Disney movies is a norm and not an exception. Why is death such a preponderant element in Disney movies? In 1938, Walt Disney’s mom, Flora, died by asphyxiation due to a defective furnace. She died in the new house that Walt Disney bought for her just a month before the tragedy. She died in her sleep. The same type of death mentioned in movies such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and Sleeping Beauty (1959). Until the end of his days, Walt Disney felt responsible for Flora’s death. Thus, one may infer that the tragedy is the sole cause of Walt Disney s obsession for producing movies with a motherless or a fatherless child. After all, Disney movies created before 1938, such as the short black and white movie Alice in Wonderland (black and white version, 1923) and the short movie Steamboat Willie (1928)Show MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1697 Words   |  7 Pagesinto popular culture today. Walt Disney s first animated feature film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs marked the start of his monopoly and the turning point for the future of D isney animations. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was a remake on the classic Grimm s fairy tale. Walt Disney transformed the original tale into a more romantic and less vulgar version that ultimately became a smash hit upon initial release. Snow White grew to be the precedent for all of Disney animations to come. On theRead MoreAnalysis Of Snow White And The Seven Dwarfs1411 Words   |  6 Pages Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Film Critique Di’Yana Mathis ENG225: Introduction to Film Professor Sameer Joshi October 2, 2017 â€Æ' Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Film Critique Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1938), is a fantasy film written by Ted Sears and Richard Creedon. This animated movie, made by Disney, was created so young children can watch and enjoy all over the world. This is a very popular film because it was the first animated movie created in England and made in color. InRead MorePerspectives on Gender Roles: Snow White and Mirrors Essay1049 Words   |  5 Pagesoriginal fairytale. In both stories Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs conveys a message about the mirror representing a sense of self on a superficial and deep emotional level. It reinstates many cultural roles that have been put upon both woman and men. It is a story of self discovery and whether or not the characters are able to develop throughout the story in relation to the affects to a â€Å"real life individual†. A common theme in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs for both the Disney film and the 1812Read MoreSymbolism In Mirror Mirror1517 Words   |  7 Pagesdistinct personalities of the seven dwarfs to the outshining temperament of the haughty, over-the-top Evil Queen played by Julia Roberts. The Evil Queen in this film does not seem so vile but rather more of an excessively excited cougar desperately attempting to get the attention of the handsome young Prince to win his hand in marriage and his fortune, which she frantically needs to cover the debts acquired by her lavish lifestyle. She outshines our main hero Snow White and makes the film what it seemsRead MoreCharacter Analysis : Film Analysis Of Snow White1899 Words   |  8 Pages Analysis of â€Å"Snow White† Jack Franson Lynn University Analysis of â€Å"Snow White† Introduction The current analysis is focused on â€Å"Snow White† by Brothers Grimm. The plot of the fairy tale revolves around the topic of envy of a stepmother to the young and beautiful Snow White. While the later version of the story popularized by the Disney’s production is bright and positive, as this version lacks the gruesome parts of the story. The later cinematic implementation of the fairy taleRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disney s Transformational Leadership1726 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this paper is to act as a consulting analysis on how Walt Disney utilized his transformational leadership and brought to the world one of the most famous entertainment companies in the 20th century. Transformational leaders provide extraordinary motivation by appealing to people’s ideals and values and inspiring them to think about issues in new ways. It begins with a vision and the leader embeds that vision into others through encouragement, enthusiasm and motivationRead MoreSexism and Disney2712 Words   |  11 Pagesincluded elements of social criticism.† All women in Disney princess roles fill one of two roles, and it is very rare that they stray. In the translation of Patricia Digà ³n Regueiro s article The World of Disney Outdated: proposal of critical analysis in school she states: â€Å"The woman is submissive and obedient, is guided by his emotions, is oriented to love and marriage, is caring for the family and the home and often it is presented or the role of women â€Å"evil†or â€Å"the innocent girl†.  GirouxRead MoreEntrepreneur Biography - Walt Disney3092 Words   |  13 Pagesthe Red Cross for a year as an ambulance driver. Upon his arrival back, he had difficulty finding work as an artist or even as an ambulance driver. He then found temporary work at an Art Studio creating advertisements for newspapers, magazines and movie theatres. He also met his first start-up partner Ubbe Iwerks. Finally, he worked for Kansas City Film Ad Company where he learned all about animation and decided to become an animator (Gabler, 2006). Past Startup Background â€Å"Iwerks-Disney CommercialRead MoreDisney s Evolving And Adapting Their Ideologies And How Is Frozen s Narrative Challenging Patriarchal Themes?2353 Words   |  10 Pagesand how Disney is developing these ideologies from Snow White, to Beauty and the Beast, to the modern Brave and Frozen. The Disney timeline begins with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) The animated feature introduced the commonly known Disney formula involving a catchy score, good versus evil usually female versus female, young love and cute personified animals. Snow White, despite being visibly flawless with infamous ‘skin as white as snow’, provides no proof of having any motivation exceptRead MoreHow Does Disney Movies Alter A Child s Perception1984 Words   |  8 Pagesto be understood as fiction and not real life scenarios for young children. ` How does Disney Movies Alter a Child’s Perception What’s your favorite Disney movie? Walt Disney is well known for their animated children movies. From Beauty and The Beast to their most recent movie Princess and the Frog, many children grow up watching Disney movies. While watching these movies many people probably never thought of Disney movies as being stereotypical or racial, but as

Welfare A Hammock to a Trampoline Essay - 1658 Words

Psalms 30:6 â€Å"When I felt secure I said, ‘I will never be shaken’† (New Living Translation). The goal of welfare is to help individuals afford the basic necessities of life, however, it has become apparent that throughout the generations people have become too comfortable and secure being on welfare and thus are not striving for self-sufficiency. As with all government run programs there is a budget for welfare services, and with more and more people applying for welfare and fewer returning to self-sufficiency there is simply not enough money to go around. Putting time limits on welfare is a hot topic that has been debated for years. Some believe that â€Å"families already in distress may fall into the abyss† (Deborah), while others see the†¦show more content†¦Without these incentives state governments are not motivated to put the effort into decreasing their welfare caseloads. Thus, motivation in Human Services has become obsolete and welfa re records have become faulty. With this, welfare programs have blossomed into unconstrained, unchecked spending (Deborah; WASHINGTON). With issues in welfare continuing to compile the government continues to strive for a solution. According to the D.C. Measure the government sees education as â€Å"directly related to work† (Deborah). However, this concept is simply not having a sufficient effect. Study’s show that the governments largest training program, Job Training Partnership Act, has only reduced female dependency by 3.4 percent and has had no effect on males. This government run training is ineffective in both reducing dependency and in increasing the ability for individuals to become self sufficient (Rector). In fact, Liberal Manon Bary, states that â€Å"[t]his program may be adding to the disintegration of the family† (Deborah). It has been noted that with welfare recipients feeling so comfortable on welfare, the welfare state is smothering the crea tive spirit (Strossel). According to the Tax Foundation, sixty percent of the populations in the United States pay less in taxes then they receive in government benefits (Strossel). If the current welfare system is not changed we will continue to create a culture of takers, not

Succubus Revealed Chapter 20 Free Essays

string(59) " risked everything for the chance to free myself and Seth\." I thought about it for half a heartbeat, and even that was too long. There was no question what my decision could be. Seth and I were bound together. We will write a custom essay sample on Succubus Revealed Chapter 20 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even if it had been for Jerome’s convenience, Seth had found my soul across the incredible reaches of the dream world. Seth and I had found each other, life after life, and continually fallen in love. Even if we didn’t consciously remember each other, some inner part of ourselves had connected. I remembered Roman’s words. Over and over, you find each other and lose each other, you bicker and fight, throw it all away on mistrust and lack of communication. Are you going to let that continue? No, the cycle was going to end. On my terms. These lives we’d lived . . . the pain we’d suffered . . . it wouldn’t be for nothing. It didn’t matter if Seth hated me and never wanted to see me again. I wouldn’t abandon him – not now, not ever. â€Å"No deal,† I said to Roman. â€Å"Seth and I are doing this together, whether he knows it or not.† Roman didn’t try to talk me out of it. He simply said, â€Å"You understand what’s at stake?† â€Å"I do.† If we failed here, I wouldn’t just lose my soul. I would also be looking forward to an eternity in Hell’s service, with superiors none-too-pleased that I’d shaken up the status quo. I didn’t doubt that there was some article or clause somewhere that said I couldn’t be penalized for this, but as I’d noted before, Hell had plenty of ways of punishing people off the record. The Las Vegas position would probably no longer exist, forcing me to relocate to some truly terrible location. Hannibal called the court back to order, and Roman relayed my decision. Hannibal clicked his tongue disapprovingly. â€Å"Risking it all for the new car, eh? Well, ladies and gentlemen of the jury, it falls in your hands now. You’ve heard the evidence – and lack thereof. Do you believe there is enough ‘proof’ to support the petitioner’s case? Should both contracts – that these individuals willingly signed – be invalidated?† So much for justice being blind. The jury cast votes anonymously, which I found interesting. It was a small nod toward impartiality, theoretically providing protection to those who voted against their side’s best interests. From what both Roman and Marcel had told me, I could see it happening among the angels. But did it ever happen with demons? Even if they knew the right or wrong of a situation, their ultimate goal was to accrue souls for Hell. Would any of them be moved by a case enough to go with their conscience? Was it possible that some spark of goodness could still endure in the darkness of this place? Judging from the quick way everyone scrawled their responses on the pieces of paper given, it didn’t look like it. There was no hesitation. The demons wore cocky, self-assured expressions. Angels and demons came from the same stock, but I’d been told that once they spent enough time in Hell, that angelic nature was eroded away. These demons weren’t going to lose any sleep about what became of my soul. The votes were collected by the bailiff. He sorted them into two suspiciously similarly sized piles and handed them to the judge. Hannibal did a quick count and nodded to himself before addressing us. A new stillness fell over the room. â€Å"Here we go,† murmured Roman. â€Å"The jury has spoken,† said Hannibal. â€Å"Six to six. We have a tie.† There was a collective exhalation in the room, and then the tension ramped back up as everyone waited for the next step. I shouldn’t have been surprised by the tie, but some part of me had been hoping maybe, just maybe, a wayward demon would’ve voted in my favor. I had my answer. There was no spark of goodness here. It couldn’t survive in Hell. â€Å"In accordance with article . . . fuck, I don’t know . . . article something-or-other, we’ll be going to a tiebreaker vote,† said Hannibal. The bailiff returned with an ornate vase, which he handed to the judge. Hannibal dumped out the contents, revealing a white marble and a black marble. â€Å"In this case, it really is as simple as black and white. If the black one’s drawn, a demon casts the deciding vote. If it’s white, an angel will.† He paused, looking bemused. â€Å"That’s so cliched. I don’t suppose we could switch the colors around? Just this once? No? Okay, let’s get on with it.† He scanned the jury and pointed to an angel with curly red hair and long-lashed blue eyes. â€Å"You. You’ll do the draw.† She nodded her acceptance and approached the bench gracefully. Again, another attempt at justice. If Hannibal had drawn the marbles, I would have been suspicious of the outcome. The fairness of the matter was future solidified when he made her swear to draw fairly, without using her powers to advantage. â€Å"I swear,† she said, placing the marbles in the vase. She shook them up and reached her hand in, casting a brief and – unless I was mistaken – sympathetic look at me. Her hand emerged, closed in a fist. When she opened it, no one could see the marble right away, but her face told the story. â€Å"Shit,† said Roman. The angel’s palm revealed a black marble. She handed it to the judge who made no pretense at hiding his joy. He thanked her as she returned to her seat and then held the marble up for all the room to see. There was a murmur of excitement among the demons, delighted at having won the gamble he’d laid before us. I had a moment of regret, but only a small one. I could’ve walked away from here with my soul and life intact. I could’ve never brought this up and continued my life as a succubus undisturbed, living out the dream scenario in Las Vegas. Instead, I’d risked everything for the chance to free myself and Seth. You read "Succubus Revealed Chapter 20" in category "Essay examples" And I’d lost for both of us. Had it been worth it? Yes. † ‘Fate’ has spoken,† said Hannibal, still admiring the marble. â€Å"Per the rules, the decision now falls to a thirteenth juror, who will be randomly selected from a pool of Hell’s illustrious servants. Doris?† Doris began clicking away at her laptop. After a few moments, she gave a nod toward the bailiff. He walked toward the back exit, presumably to escort in the thirteenth juror. My heart felt heavy and leaden, and I was startled when Roman again placed his hand on mine. â€Å"I’m sorry,† he said in a low voice. â€Å"I should have fought harder. Or pushed you to take the deal – â€Å" I squeezed his hand back. â€Å"No. You were perfect. The only thing you shouldn’t have done was get involved with this mess.† It was impossible to believe, but whatever fate awaited me after my suit was denied wouldn’t be half as bad as his. He gave me a playful smile. â€Å"What, and miss the chance to laugh in the face of Heaven and Hell? Besides, there’s no way I could leave you to – â€Å" The courtroom had given way to chatter when the bailiff left, and now silence resumed upon his return. Whatever sentiments Roman had been about to say were lost, as he joined me in looking back to see the demon who would cast the last condemning vote on me. When I did, I had to do a double take. It was Yasmine. I almost didn’t recognize her. It had been a year since I’d seen her, a year since I’d watched her fall from grace, transforming from an angel to a demon. Yasmine had committed a number of grave sins as an angel, starting when she’d fallen in love. That alone was forbidden for her kind, but it had gone one step further – she’d fallen for a nephilim named Vincent. Vince was a great guy, but like Roman, the standard reaction from angels and demons alike had been prompt destruction. One angel had finally acted on that impulse, and Yasmine had rushed to defend Vince – killing the other angel in the process. And with that, she had been condemned to Hell. I had seen it. It had been terrible. One angel’s death, another’s fall. It had all gone down the night Nyx had been found and recaptured. Vince and I had been in the cross fire of it. I’d done what I could for him, but there was nothing I could do to stop Heaven’s punishment. Before leaving town, Vince had told me that it didn’t matter what I thought I knew about Yasmine. He’d said that once she had spent enough time in Hell and around other demons, she’d become like them. It was what happened to all of them, how someone like Carter could become someone like Jerome. I hadn’t believed it at the time but could understand it better after being surrounded in the despair and wrongness of this place. And when I studied her now, I could see it had happened to her too. I remembered a smiling, laughing young woman with sparkling dark eyes and shining black hair. The hair and eyes were ostensibly the same, but there was no light or laughter in them. Her eyes seemed fathomless, dark and cold as she stared straight ahead and walked to the front of the courtroom. She was wearing a gauzy black dress, reminding me of some Goth courtesan, and her long, flowing hair blended into the silken fabric. Even if I’d never met her or known her history, I would have instantly identified her as a demon. Just like the others in the room, there was something in the way she looked and carried herself. I was about to be condemned by someone who had once been my friend. Yasmine reached the front of the courtroom and was gestured toward the witnesses’ table. She sat down, gazing around the room with an unreadable expression. â€Å"You’ve been following the trial?† asked Judge Hannibal. â€Å"Yes,† she said, in a voice as expressionless as her face. How she’d been watching, I couldn’t say. With Hell, it could’ve been closed-circuit TV or a magic mirror for all I knew. â€Å"And you understand your duty?† asked Hannibal. â€Å"Yes,† she replied. Hannibal was trying to maintain some semblance of formality and procedure, but the self-satisfied smirk on his face was kind of negating that. He was too goddamned pleased with himself and this turn of events. â€Å"Cast your vote then, based on the evidence and arguments you’ve witnessed. If you believe the two contracts are both sound and have not contradicted each other, then cast your vote against the petitioner.† When silence followed, Roman spoke up. â€Å"And if she thinks the two contracts aren’t valid?† â€Å"Yes, yes.† Hannibal made a dismissive gesture, annoyed at this obvious waste of his time. â€Å"If you believe the contracts do contradict each other, then cast your vote for the petitioner.† Yasmine was given a piece of paper and pen, just like the other jurors. And just like the others, she wasted no time in writing her vote, her markings swift and certain. When she finished, she looked up serenely, no change in her expression, no sign that we’d ever once known each other. As terrible as I felt about my own fate, I couldn’t help but feel nearly as bad for what Hell had done to someone as good and kind as her. No, I thought. Not just Hell. Really, Heaven was just as guilty. What kind of group could advocate goodness and not allow its members to love? Hannibal took the paper from her with a flourish and held it out before him to read. â€Å"In accordance with the laws of this court, and the infallible Kingdom of Hell, the jury finds – † There was a pause, and the next part came out as a question. â€Å"In favor of the petitioner?† A spark of goodness in the darkness. . . . For a moment, nothing happened. The courtroom was silent, frozen in time. Then, several things happened right on top of each other. From behind me, I heard Jerome say, â€Å"Shit.† Yasmine winked at me. Roman hugged me. Hannibal reread the slip of paper, looked at Yasmine, and then swallowed before speaking. â€Å"Both contracts are declared invalid, null and void.† Most of the room was on its feet, voices raised in fury. I had no time to process what they were saying, though, because I was disintegrating away. â€Å"No, not yet!† I exclaimed. I reached desperately for Roman, whose arms had been around me, but couldn’t get ahold of him anymore. I was becoming nothing, a will-o’-the-wisp, unable to grasp anything of substance. I tried, though. I tried to grab him and take him with me because there was no way I could leave him here, not in the midst of a bunch of demons pissed off over having just lost two souls. I even tried to say his name, but it didn’t work. I had no mouth, no voice anymore. I was leaving this place, and he was staying. The last thing I saw was his sea green eyes regarding me with both happiness and sorrow. I thought I heard him saying something about â€Å"a far, far greater thing,† and then I perceived nothing. I would have screamed in fury if I could have, but I was gone. I was nothing. Only darkness. How to cite Succubus Revealed Chapter 20, Essay examples

Business Communication Issue

Question: Discuss about the Business Communication Issue. Answer: Introduction: Business communication is constituted with three major aspects that include verbal communication, written communication and electronic business communication. In this specific study verbal communication has been chosen as the selected business communication issue. By using Berlos SMCR Communication Model the study has focused to highlight on how messages are transmitted from a proper source to the receiver with the help of various verbal communication tools. One of the most significant positive aspects of verbal communication is that both the sender and the receiver can get immediate feedback from each other. Business communication issue: Various types of verbal communications include speech, video, telephonic, conversation through dialogue and so on. If an individual fails to maintain effective verbal communication by using these tools, the communication process becomes a major issue. Speech: In order to maintain an effective verbal business communication, speech is the most important aspect that enables both the sender and receiver to understand each others point of views (Bovee, Courtland, 2012). As per Berlos SMCR Communication Model, communication skill is highly important to transmit the message to the mind of receiver. Berlos SMCR Communication Model implies that the speech of an individual would be effective only when the receiver can understand the message proper and give the sender and immediate as well as proper feedback. As per the communication model of Berlo, it can be analyzed that an individual person by using a proper source transmits the message through a proper channel to the receiver. In this specific case, speech is the source that can be transmitted to the receiver with the help of specific channel (Guffey Loewy, 2012). Here, the capability of hearing and observing the speech can be considered as the proper channel. If the receiver can understand the message, it will reflect on the attitude of that particular individual. Video and demonstration: Video and demonstration is one of the most recognizable ways of verbal business communication. With the help of visual aid the speaker can draw the attention of people constantly. The receiver on the other hand, does not feel monotony with the visual effect. Berlos SMCR Communication Model implies that without having a fluent skill of demonstration the sender would not be able to transmit the message to the proper destination effectively. With the rapid progress of video the speaker should have the capability to describe the entire slide simultaneously (Ma et al., 2013). Otherwise, the viewers would not be able to relate the message with video clips. In this kind of situation, Berlos SMCR Communication Model plays a major role. By using this particular model, the sender should use the proper source by improving body language and communication skill for the demonstration of visual aids. The video content can be considered as the message that can be transmitted to the receiver through power of observation to the receiver (Uysal Heidarpour, 2012). If the receiver can observed that video and relate the visual clips and demonstration with video contents, the attitudes of receiver can provide a positive vive. As a result, internal communication in between the encoder and decoder would be effective automatically. Telephonic conversation: The method of telephonic conversation is different from video or dialogues. In this particular mode of verbal communication, the sender and receiver cannot view each other while maintaining conversation (Baldwin, Bommer Rubin, 2012). Therefore, the entire process of communication method can become a serious issue if the encoder and the decoder fail to clarify their message properly. Berlos SMCR Communication Model is very much effective in this specific case. Communication skill of the sender is the primary source. Based on the communication skill the person can transmit the message to the receiver by hearing properly (Bull Brown, 2012). If the receiver fails to hear the message of sender the entire process of business communication would become a major issue. In telephonic conversation the receiver would not be able to show their feedback through attitude or facial expression. Therefore, voice is the only tool with the help of which the sender would get to know whether the entire conversation has become effective or not (Conrad Newberry, 2012). At the same time, as per Berlos SMCR Communication Model, the receiver cannot use observation as their medium of channel of transmitting message. The receiver can provide necessary feedback by hearing and feeling the tone of voice. Conversation through dialogue: Dialogue is the only way of verbal business communication with the help of which both the sender and receiver can give equal participation for making the process of communication successful. This particular method enables the two communicators to make face-to-face conversation (Keyton et al., 2013). As a result, both the sender and the receiver can provide immediate feedback to each other. This kind of communication method is most suitable for most of the business organizations where employees and the employers can make interpersonal communication. Berlos SMCR Communication Model implies that communication skill, attitude and body language of an individual are the primary sources this type of verbal communication. In order to transmit the message to the receiver the sender tends to use observation as the major tool. If the receiver fails to observe and hear the message of that individual the entire process of business communication would be failed (Lutgen-Sandvik Tracy, 2012). If the receiver tends to provide an immediate response to the encoder, the process of business communication would not create any issue. Similarly, if the senders fail to communicate properly and to convince the receiver the entire process of business communication would fail (Basil et al., 2013). Therefore, dialogue making is one of the most suitable ways to maintain verbal communication with each other. Conclusion: Issues related to business communication are the major concern of this specific study. In order to communicate with two or more than two individual Berlos SMCR Communication Model is very significant. Among the three modes of business communication process the importance of verbal communication is most prominent. Verbal communication enables the participants to maintain direct conversation with each other. In this specific study, various classifications of verbal communication such as speech, dialogues, telephonic have been depicted. At the same time, the contribution of Berlos SMCR Communication Model while maintaining verbal communication has been portrayed in the specific study. References Baldwin, T. T., Bommer, W. H., Rubin, R. S. (2012). Managing organizational behavior: What great managers know and do. Basil, M., Basil, D., Deshpande, S., Lavack, A. M. (2013). Applying the Extended Parallel Process Model to workplace safety messages.Health communication,28(1), 29-39. Bovee, Courtland. (2012).Business Communication Today, 10/e. Pearson Education India. Bull, M., Brown, T. (2012). Change communication: the impact on satisfaction with alternative workplace strategies.Facilities,30(3/4), 135-151. Conrad, D., Newberry, R. (2012). Identification and instruction of important business communication skills for graduate business education.Journal of Education for Business,87(2), 112-120. Guffey, M. E., Loewy, D. (2012).Essentials of business communication. Cengage Learning. Keyton, J., Caputo, J. M., Ford, E. A., Fu, R., Leibowitz, S. A., Liu, T., ... Wu, C. (2013). Investigating verbal workplace communication behaviors.The Journal of Business Communication (1973),50(2), 152-169. Lutgen-Sandvik, P., Tracy, S. J. (2012). Answering five key questions about workplace bullying: How communication scholarship provides thought leadership for transforming abuse at work.Management Communication Quarterly,26(1), 3-47. Ma, T., Hempel, M., Peng, D., Sharif, H. (2013). A survey of energy-efficient compression and communication techniques for multimedia in resource constrained systems.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,15(3), 963-972. Uysal, M., Heidarpour, M. R. (2012). Cooperative communication techniques for future-generation HF radios.IEEE Communications Magazine,50(10), 56-63.